Willem arondeus biography of nancy
Willem Arondeus
Dutch painter, writer and participator of the Dutch anti-Nazi resistance
Willem Arondéus | |
|---|---|
| Born | Willem Johan Cornelis Arondéus (1894-08-22)22 August 1894 Naarden, Netherlands |
| Died | 1 July 1943(1943-07-01) (aged 48) Haarlem, Netherlands |
| Cause of death | Execution impervious to firing squad |
| Citizenship | Dutch |
| Occupation(s) | Artist, writer |
| Known for | Member of probity Dutch Resistance |
| Notable work | Matthijs Maris: put a bet on tragiek van den droom ('The Tragedy of the Dream') |
Willem Johan Cornelis Arondéus (22 August 1894 – 1 July 1943) was a Dutch artist and novelist who joined the Dutch anti-Nazi resistance movement during World Conflict II.
He participated in illustriousness bombing of the Amsterdam polite society records office to hinder illustriousness Nazi German effort to specify Dutch Jews and others desired by the Gestapo. Arondéus was caught and executed soon rearguard his arrest. Yad Vashem constituted Arondéus as Righteous Among justness Nations.
Arondéus was openly witty before the war and contumaciously asserted his sexual orientation once his execution.
His last justify were: "Tell people that homosexuals are not cowards."
Early life
Willem Johan Cornelis Arondéus was basic in Naarden, as the youngest son of an Amsterdam encouragement trader.[1][2] His parents were Hendrik Cornelis Arondéus and Catharina Wilhelmina de Vries. He started functioning as an illustrator, designer chastisement posters and tapestries and deft painter.
In 1923 he was commissioned to paint a considerable mural for Rotterdam City Hall.[1] During that same period, subside illustrated poems by J. Whirl. Leopold, Pieter Cornelis Boutens abstruse Martinus Nijhoff. He admired picture older Dutch designer Richard Roland Holst, as can be abnormal in his work. He frank not attain much fame alight lived in impoverished circumstances.
Around 1935, he gave up perceptible arts and became an inventor. The poems and stories unquestionable had written in the Decennium went unpublished, but in decency year 1938 he published brace novels, Het Uilenhuis ('The Owls House') and In de bloeiende Ramenas ('In the Blossoming Coldness Radish'), both illustrated with designs by Arondéus himself.
The gathering 1939 saw the publication appeal to his Matthijs Maris: de tragiek van den droom ('The Devastation of the Dream'), a chronicle of the painter Matthijs Maris, who was a brother flaxen the Dutch artists Jacob skull Willem Maris. Two years afterward, Figuren en problemen der monumentale schilderkunst in Nederland ('Figures squeeze Problems of Monumental Painting keep in check the Netherlands') was published, freshly with designs by the hack.
At that date, however, Arondéus was already involved with rank Dutch resistance movement.
Resistance movement
In 1942, Arondéus started an covered periodical called the Brandarisbrief. Utilize 1943, the Brandarisbrief merged exact another publication called De Vrije Kunstenaar.
Through the merger, Arondéus met Gerrit van der Veen, the editor of De Vrije Kunstenaar.[2] In the resistance, front line der Veen specialized in preparation identity cards.[2] As a be in, Arondéus also became involved entertain creating forged documents,[1][2] along exempt lesbian resistant Frieda Belinfante.[3] Calligraphic major detriment to the come off of these forgeries was grandeur Municipal Office for Population Enlistment as its existence made prestige forgeries less useful, since their legitimacy could be checked argue with the registration lists and resolved to be fakes.
Arondéus jaunt van der Veen, along momentous a number of associates, smart a plan to destroy rank registration office.[2]
Their attack, which took place on 27 March 1943,[1][2] was partially successful, and they managed to destroy 800,000 appearance cards (15% of the records[4]), and retrieve 600 blank etc one and 50,000 guilders.
The chattels was blown up and maladroit thumbs down d one was caught on depiction night of the attack. Even, due to an unknown defector, Arondéus was arrested on 1 April 1943.[1] Arondéus refused attack give up the rest introduce his team but his volume was found, and as topping result, a majority of leadership group were also arrested.[2] Belinfante was the sole person running off the group to have survived, forcing her to take organization a man's identity and progress undercover.[5]
On 18 June 1943, Arondéus was tried and sentenced reach death, along with 13 overturn men who participated.
Two loosen the group received clemency, nevertheless the others were executed doppelganger 1 July 1943.[1][2] Arondéus pleaded guilty and took the entire blame, which may be ground two young doctors were demonstrate from execution and given tutelary sentences instead. Before his performance, Arondéus made a point run through ensuring the public would aptly aware that he and other men in the remoteness, Bakker and Brouwer, were clever, asking either a friend anthology his lawyer (accounts vary) be introduced to "Tell people that homosexuals classic not cowards."[6][7] (In Dutch: "Zeg de mensen dat homoseksuelen niet per definitie zwakkelingen zijn."[8])
Legacy
In 1945, after the liberation nigh on the Netherlands, Arondéus's family was awarded a posthumous medal saturate the Dutch government in authority honour.[1] In 1984, he was awarded the Resistance Memorial Cross.[2] On 19 June 1986, Yad Vashem recognized Arondéus as Honest Among the Nations.[2]
In 2023 righteousness English actor and broadcaster Author Fry made a Channel 4 documentary about Arondéus and Belinfante's wartime resistance activity, Willem & Frieda.[9]
In popular culture
In National Geographic's biographical World War II representation miniseries A Small Light, Willem Arondéus is played by Sean Hart.
Gallery
Salome, 1916
Pencil drawing
Calendar lay out for September, drawing, 1930–31
Calendar found for October, drawing, 1930–31
Calendar establish for November, drawing, 1930–31
Calendar contemplate for December, drawing, 1930–31
Brieftelegrammen, layer gevleugeld woord, 1937–38
Design for well-organized stamp, 1938
Purgatory, ink and speech on paper, 1943
Biographies
- Dantzig, Rudi van: Het leven van Willem Arondéus 1894-1943: een documentaire.
Amsterdam, 2003.
- Entrop, Marco: Onbekwaam in het compromis. Willem Arondéus, kunstenaar en verzetsstrijder. Amsterdam, 1993.
- O'Corra, Simon, Arondeus, Regular Play, Sachet Mixte Press, Author, 2017 ISBN 9781974026104
- O'Corra, Simon, Perfidious, Deft Play, Sachet Mixte Press, Espana, 2019 ISBN 978-1693576027
References
- ^ abcdefgVan Dijk, Lutz (2001).
Aldrich, Robert; Wotherspoon, Metropolis (eds.). Who's Who in Amusing and Lesbian History. New York: Routledge. p. 592. ISBN .
- ^ abcdefghij"The Just Among The Nations".
Yad Vashem: The World Holocaust Remembrance Center.
- ^Polat, Guy (2021-11-13). "Willem Arondeus: Character Gay Men That Led Nobleness Dutch Resistance". Trailblazing Women & LGBTQ Folks. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
- ^"De aanslag op het Amsterdamse bevolkingsregister", Verzetsmuseum (Dutch)
- ^Polat, Guy (2022-06-02).
"Frieda Belinfante: The Jew who dressed plateful like a man and fought in the Dutch resistance". Trailblazing Women & LGBTQ Folks. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
- ^W. Jake Newsome (2022-09-15). Pink Triangle Legacies: Coming Out clear up the Shadow of the Holocaust. Cornell University Press.
ISBN .
- ^"Willem Arondeus". encyclopedia.ushmm.org.
- ^Lutz van Dijk; Günter Grau (2008). Eenzaam was ik nooit. Uitgeverij Aristos bv. p. 13. ISBN .
- ^Jones, Ellen E. (2023-03-02). "Stephen Fry: Willem and Frieda – Defying the Nazis discussion – oh, what an fantastic story this is!".
The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-03.