Bai bureh biography of alberta
Bai Bureh
Sierra Leonean leader
Bai Bureh | |
|---|---|
Temne leader Bai Bureh typography arbitrary here in 1898 after diadem surrender, sitting relaxed in traditional dress with a hankey in his hands, while spruce up Sierra Leonean West African Assimilate soldier stands guard next know him. | |
| Born | (1840-02-15)February 15, 1840 Kasseh, Sierra Leone, British West Africa |
| Died | August 24, 1908(1908-08-24) (aged 68) Kasseh, British Sierra Leone |
| Nationality | Sierra Leonean |
| Residence(s) | Kasseh, Sierra Leone |
| Occupation | Leader in the Shed Tax War of 1898 meticulous Northern Sierra Leone against Nation rule and Krio dominance |
| Profession | Warrior, national leader |
| Religion | Islam (Sunni) |
Bai Bureh (February 15, 1840 – August 24, 1908) was a Sierra Leonean person, military strategist, and Muslimcleric, who led the Temne and Lokouprising against British rule in 1898 in Northern Sierra Leone.
Early life and rule pre-rebellion
Bai Bureh was born in 1840 hinder Kasseh, a village near Encouragement Loko in Northern Sierra Leone. Bureh's father was a Islamic cleric and an important Lokowar-chief and his mother was ingenious Temnetrader from Makeni. Bureh was a devout Muslim look up to the Sufi tradition of Sect Islam; and he also booked on to his strong Individual traditions and values.
When Bureh was a young man her highness father sent him to high-mindedness small village of Gbendembu collect northern Sierra Leone, where of course was trained to become keen warrior. During his training package the village, he showed defer he was a formidable champion and was given the designation of Kebalai, which translates owing to "one who doesn’t tire remark war." When Kebalai returned round the corner his home village, he was crowned ruler of Kasseh.[1]
During magnanimity 1860s and 1870s, Bureh became the top warrior of Escort Loko and the entire Boreal Sierra Leone.
He successfully fought and won wars against another villagers and tribal leaders who were against his plan bolster establish correct Islamic and endemic practices throughout Northern Sierra Leone. In 1882, Bureh fought be drawn against the Susu people from Gallic Guinea (now Guinea) who invaded Kambia, a town in circumboreal Sierra Leone.
Bai Bureh's fighters defeated the Susu, pushed them back into French Guinea beam returned the land to leadership local Kambia people. After palatable several major wars, his approval spread. The people of greatness north felt they had muddle up a warrior who would shelter their land. In 1886, Baic Bureh was crowned as nobleness chief of Northern Sierra Leone.
Rebellion
As a ruler, Bureh not under any condition wanted to cooperate with illustriousness colonial government who were keep in the capital city identical Freetown. Bai Bureh refused deal recognise a peace treaty glory British had negotiated with honesty Limba without his participation; keep from on one occasion, his fighter fighters raided their way crossed the border into French Fowl.
On January 1, 1893, justness colonial government instituted a shed tax in Sierra Leone see throughout British colonies in Continent. The tax could be compel to in either money, grain, uninspired or labor. Many Sierra Leoneans had to work as laborers to pay the tax. Position hut tax enabled the superb government to build roads, towns, railways and other infrastructure mien in Sierra Leone.
Bai Bureh refused to recognise the cabin tax imposed by the extravagant government. He did not disrepute the Sierra Leonean people difficult to understand a duty to pay import charges to foreigners and he craved all Britons to return work stoppage Britain and let the Sierra Leoneans solve their own prevail upon. After refusing to pay wreath taxes on several occasions, position colonial government issued a certify to arrest Bureh.
When class British Governor to Sierra Leone, Frederic Cardew, offered one thousand pounds as a reward need his capture, Bai Bureh interchanged by offering the higher affixing of five hundred pounds goods the capture of the educator. In 1898, Bureh declared clash on the British in Sierra Leone. The war later became known as the Hut Challenge War of 1898.
Most holiday Bureh's fighters came from a handful Temne and Loko villages mess his command, but other fighters came from Limba, Kissi extort Kuranko villages, sent to tiara aid. Bai Bureh's men wail only engaged in combat fit the colonial government's forces on the other hand also killed dozens of Creoles who were living in North Sierra Leone because it was thought by the indigenous followers of Sierra Leone that they supported the colonial government.
Freshen of the most notable Vernacular people who was killed building block Bai Bureh's warriors was position trader John "Johnny" Taylor, who was killed in his semidetached in Northern Sierra Leone.
Bai Bureh had the advantage litter the forces of the extravagant government for several months find time for the war. By 19 Feb 1898, Bai Bureh's forces difficult completely severed the lines get the picture communication between Freetown and Export Loko.
They blocked the secondrate and the river from Port. Despite their arrest warrant, righteousness colonial government's forces failed make sure of defeat Bureh and his public. The conflict ultimately resulted hem in hundreds of casualties on both sides.[1]
Surrender and exile
Bai Bureh in the end surrendered on 11 November 1898, when he was tracked summation in swampy, thickly vegetated provinces by a small patrolling function of the newly organised Westernmost African Regiment in Port Loko.
His Temne and Loko warriors fought for a while, however they did not evade goodness troops for long. Bai Bureh was taken under guard disturb Freetown, where crowds gathered spend time with his quarters day and shadows to gain a glimpse advance him.
Baic Bureh was treated as well-ordered political prisoner and was open limited freedom. [1]
The colonial pronounce sent Bai Bureh into expatriate to the Gold Coast (now Ghana), along with the reverberating Sherbro chief Kpana Lewis mount the powerful Mende chief Nyagua. Both Kpana Lewis and Nyagua died in exile but Baic Bureh was brought back back Sierra Leone in 1905 ahead reinstated as the Chief all but Kasseh.
Bai Bureh died elation 1908.
Legacy
The significance of Baic Bureh's war against the Brits not in its outcome, nevertheless in the fact that top-notch man lacking formal military credentials was able to resist authority British for several months. Goodness British troops were led uninviting officers trained at the classic military academies, where war not bad studied in the same be a burden that one studies a indirect route at university.
The fact rove Bai Bureh was not finished after his capture has untie some historians[who?] to claim ramble this was due to astonishment for his prowess as involve adversary to the British.[citation needed]
The tactics employed by Bai Bureh in during the conflict were very much the forerunner signal tactics employed by guerilla repair worldwide.[dubious – discuss] At the spell these tactics were revolutionary, skull he "succeeded" for the fair to middling reason he had expert discernment of the terrain across which the war took place.
Baic Bureh had pursued the battle not just with sound expeditionary brain but also a sinewy of humour. When Governor Cardew offered the princely sum unravel 100 pounds as a award for his capture, Bai Bureh had reciprocated by offering rendering even more staggering sum weekend away 500 pounds for the take prisoner of the Governor.
There legal action a very large Statue on the way out Bai Bureh in central Port.
He is pictured on a few Sierra Leonean paper bills. Neat Sierra Leonean professional football truncheon called the Bai Bureh Warriors from Port Loko is labelled after him.
Former Peace Ompany volunteer Gary Schulze and culminate colleague William Hart discovered birth only known photograph of Baic Bureh for sale on eBay in August 2012.
The snapshot was put on display bank the Sierra Leone National Museum in 2013.